version bump and help command in addition to flag

.gitignore

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
+# Editors
+.idea
+
+# Node
 node_modules/
 package-lock.json
-.idea
 yarn.lock
 
+# Build & Runtime
 bin
 lib
 data
+restore
+docker
+Dockerfile
 
-.autorestic.yml
+# Config
+.autorestic.yml
+.docker.yml

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Changelog
+
+## 0.13
+
+- Restored files are now without the prefix path.
+- Support for making backups of docker volumes and restoring them (not incremental).
+- Show error to user during backup
+
+## 0.12
+
+- fix self update on linux (Fix #15)
+
+## 0.11
+
+- tilde in arguments (Fix #14)
+
+## 0.10
+
+- Show elapsed time (Fix #12)
+- Remove some code duplication
+- New info command to quickly show an overview of your config (Fix #11)
+
+## 0.9
+
+- Hooks
+- Cleanup
+
+## 0.8
+
+- Support for native flags in the backup and forget commands.
+- Forget cleanup
+
+## 0.7
+
+- Cleanup
+- Support for excluding files
+- Ability to prune keeping the last x snapshots according to restic policy rules
+
+## 0.6
+
+- support for absolute paths
+
+## 0.5
+
+- config optional if not required for current operation
+
+## 0.4
+
+- show version number
+
+## 0.3
+
+- test autoupdate function

README.md

@@ -13,8 +13,22 @@ Autorestic is a wrapper around the amazing [restic](https://restic.net/). While
 - Snapshot policies and pruning
 - Simple interface
 - Fully encrypted
+- Backup & Restore docker volumes
 
-## Installation
+### 📒 Docs
+
+* [Locations](#-locations)
+  * [Pruning & Deleting old files](#pruning-and-snapshot-policies)
+  * [Excluding files](#excluding-filesfolders)
+  * [Hooks](#before--after-hooks)
+  * [Docker volumes](#-Docker-volumes)
+* [Backends](#-backends)
+* [Commands](#-commands)
+* [Examples](#-examples)
+
+## 🛳 Installation
+
+Linux & macOS. Windows is not supported.
 
 ```
 curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/CupCakeArmy/autorestic/master/install.sh | bash
@@ -60,27 +74,21 @@ If we would check only one location we could run the following: `autorestic chec
 
 Note that the data is automatically encrypted on the server. The key will be generated and added to your config file. Every backend will have a separate key. You should keep a copy of the keys somewhere in case your server dies. Otherwise DATA IS LOST!
 
-### Backup
+### 📦 Backup
 
 ```
 autorestic backup -a
 ```
 
-### Restore
+### 📼 Restore
 
-```
-autorestic restore -a --to /path/where/to/restore
-```
-
-This will restore all the locations to the selected target. If for one location there are more than one backends specified autorestic will take the first one.
-
-Lets see a more realistic example (from the config above)
 ```
 autorestic restore -l home --from hdd --to /path/where/to/restore
 ```
 
-This will restore the location `home` to the `/path/where/to/restore` folder and taking the data from the backend `hdd`
+### 📲 Updates
 
+Autorestic can update itself! Super handy right? Simply run `autorestic update` and we will check for you if there are updates for restic and autorestic and install them if necessary.
 
 ## 🗂 Locations
 
@@ -95,43 +103,7 @@ locations:
       - also-backup-to-this-backend
 ```
 
-## 💽 Backends
-
-Backends are the place where you data will be saved. Backups are incremental and encrypted.
-
-### Fields
-
-##### `type`
-
-Type of the backend see a list [here](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html)
-
-Supported are:
-- [Local](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#local)
-- [Backblaze B2](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#backblaze-b2)
-- [Amazon S3](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#amazon-s3)
-- [Minio](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#minio-server)
-- [Google Cloud Storage](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#google-cloud-storage)
-- [Microsoft Azure Storage](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#microsoft-azure-blob-storage)
-
-For each backend you need to specify the right variables as shown in the example below.
-
-##### `path`
-
-The path on the remote server.
-For object storages as
-
-##### Example
-
-```yaml
-backends:
-  name-of-backend:
-    type: b2
-    path: 'myAccount:myBucket/my/path'
-    B2_ACCOUNT_ID: backblaze_account_id
-    B2_ACCOUNT_KEY: backblaze_account_key
-```
-
-### Pruning and snapshot policies
+#### Pruning and snapshot policies
 
 Autorestic supports declaring snapshot policies for location to avoid keeping old snapshot around if you don't need them.
 
@@ -176,7 +148,7 @@ f8f8f976  2019-12-02 12:11:08  computer                within 2w  /etc
 3 snapshots
 ```
 
-### Excluding files/folders
+#### Excluding files/folders
 
 If you want to exclude certain files or folders it done easily by specifiyng the right flags in the location you desire to filter. The flags are taken straight from the [restic cli exclude rules](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/040_backup.html#excluding-files).
 
@@ -201,6 +173,249 @@ backends:
     ...
 ```
 
+#### Before / After hooks
+
+Sometimes you might want to stop an app/db before backing up data and start the service again after the backup has completed. This is what the hooks are made for. Simply add them to your location config. You can have as many commands as you wish.
+
+```yaml
+locations:
+  my-location:
+    from: /data
+    to:
+      - local
+      - remote
+    hooks:
+      before:
+        - echo "Hello"
+        - echo "Human"
+      after:
+        - echo "kthxbye"
+```
+
+#### 🐳 Docker volumes
+
+Since version 0.13 autorestic supports docker volumes directly, without needing them to be mounted to the host filesystem.
+
+Let see an example.
+
+###### docker-compose.yml
+
+```yaml
+version: '3.7'
+
+volumes:
+  data:
+    name: my-data
+
+services:
+  api:
+    image: alpine
+    volumes:
+      - data:/foo/bar
+```
+
+###### .autorestic.yml
+
+```yaml
+locations:
+  hello:
+    from: 'volume:my-data'
+    to:
+      - remote
+    options:
+      forget:
+        keep-last: 2
+
+backends:
+  remote:
+    ...
+```
+
+Now you can backup and restore as always.
+
+```sh
+autorestic -l hello backup
+```
+
+```sh
+autorestic -l hello restore
+```
+
+If the volume does not exist on restore, autorestic will create it for you and then fill it with the data.
+
+### Limitations
+
+Unfortunately there are some limitations when backing up directly from a docker volume without mounting the volume to the host. If you are curious or have ideas how to improve this, please [read more here](https://github.com/cupcakearmy/autorestic/issues/4#issuecomment-568771951). Any help is welcomed 🙂
+
+1. Incremental updates are not possible right now due to how the current docker mounting works.
+2. Exclude patterns and files also do not work as restic only sees a compressed tarball as source and not the actual data.
+
+## 💽 Backends
+
+Backends are the place where you data will be saved. Backups are incremental and encrypted.
+
+### Fields
+
+##### `type`
+
+Type of the backend see a list [here](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html)
+
+Supported are:
+- [Local](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#local)
+- [Backblaze B2](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#backblaze-b2)
+- [Amazon S3](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#amazon-s3)
+- [Minio](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#minio-server)
+- [Google Cloud Storage](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#google-cloud-storage)
+- [Microsoft Azure Storage](https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/stable/030_preparing_a_new_repo.html#microsoft-azure-blob-storage)
+
+For each backend you need to specify the right variables as shown in the example below.
+
+##### `path`
+
+The path on the remote server.
+For object storages as
+
+##### Example Local
+
+```yaml
+backends:
+  name-of-backend:
+    type: local
+    path: /data/my/backups
+```
+
+##### Example Backblaze
+
+```yaml
+backends:
+  name-of-backend:
+    type: b2
+    path: 'myAccount:myBucket/my/path'
+    B2_ACCOUNT_ID: backblaze_account_id
+    B2_ACCOUNT_KEY: backblaze_account_key
+```
+
+##### Example S3 / Minio
+
+```yaml
+backends:
+  name-of-backend:
+    type: s3
+    path: s3.amazonaws.com/bucket_name
+    # Minio
+    # path: http://localhost:9000/bucket_name
+    AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: my_key
+    AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: my_secret
+```
+
+## 👉 Commands
+
+* [info](#info)
+* [check](#check)
+* [backup](#backup)
+* [forget](#forget)
+* [restore](#restore)
+* [exec](#exec)
+* [intall](#install)
+* [uninstall](#uninstall)
+* [upgrade](#upgrade)
+
+
+### Info
+
+```
+autorestic info
+```
+
+Shows all the information in the config file. Usefull for a quick overview of what location backups where.
+
+Pro tip: if it gets a bit long you can read it more easily with `autorestic info | less` 😉
+
+### Check
+
+```
+autorestic check [-b, --backend]  [-a, --all]
+```
+
+Checks the backends and configures them if needed. Can be applied to all with the `-a` flag or by specifying one or more backends with the `-b` or `--backend` flag.
+
+
+### Backup
+
+```
+autorestic backup [-l, --location] [-a, --all]
+```
+
+Performes a backup of all locations if the `-a` flag is passed. To only backup some locations pass one or more `-l` or `--location` flags.
+
+
+### Restore
+
+```
+autorestic restore [-l, --location] [--from backend] [--to <out dir>]
+```
+
+This will restore all the locations to the selected target. If for one location there are more than one backends specified autorestic will take the first one.
+
+Lets see a more realistic example (from the config above)
+```
+autorestic restore -l home --from hdd --to /path/where/to/restore
+```
+
+This will restore the location `home` to the `/path/where/to/restore` folder and taking the data from the backend `hdd`
+
+### Forget
+
+
+```
+autorestic forget [-l, --location] [-a, --all] [--dry-run]
+```
+
+This will prune and remove old data form the backends according to the [keep policy you have specified for the location](#pruning-and-snapshot-policies)
+
+The `--dry-run` flag will do a dry run showing what would have been deleted, but won't touch the actual data.
+
+
+### Exec
+
+```
+autorestic exec [-b, --backend]  [-a, --all] <command> -- [native options]
+```
+
+This is avery handy command which enables you to run any native restic command on desired backends. An example would be listing all the snapshots of all your backends:
+
+```
+autorestic exec -a -- snapshots
+```
+
+#### Install
+
+Installs both restic and autorestic
+
+#### Uninstall 
+
+Uninstall both restic and autorestic
+
+#### Upgrade
+
+Upgrades both restic and autorestic automagically
+
+## 🐣 Examples
+
+### List all the snapshots for all the backends
+
+```
+autorestic -a exec snapshots
+```
+
+### Unlock a locked repository
+
+⚠️ Only do this if you know what you are doing. E.g. if you accidentally cancelled a running operation
+
+```
+autorestic -b my-backend exec unlock
+```
+
 ## Contributors
 
 This amazing people helped the project!

package.json

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 		"clitastic": "0.0.1",
 		"colors": "^1.3.3",
 		"js-yaml": "^3.13.1",
-		"minimist": "^1.2.0"
+		"minimist": "^1.2.0",
+		"uhrwerk": "^1.0.0"
 	}
-}
+}

src/autorestic.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import minimist from 'minimist'
 
 import { init } from './config'
 import handlers, { error, help } from './handlers'
-import { Config } from './types'
 
 
 
@@ -26,20 +25,22 @@ export const { _: commands, ...flags } = minimist(process.argv.slice(2), {
 	string: ['l', 'b'],
 })
 
-export const VERSION = '0.8'
+export const VERSION = '0.14'
 export const INSTALL_DIR = '/usr/local/bin'
 export const VERBOSE = flags.verbose
 
 export const config = init()
 
 
-function main() {
-	if (commands.length < 1) return help()
+async function main() {
+	if (commands.length < 1 || commands[0] === 'help') return help()
 
 	const command: string = commands[0]
 	const args: string[] = commands.slice(1)
-	;(handlers[command] || error)(args, flags)
+
+	const fn = handlers[command] || error
+	await fn(args, flags)
 }
 
 
-main()
+main().catch((e: Error) => console.error(e.message))

src/backend.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
 
 import { config, VERBOSE } from './autorestic'
 import { Backend, Backends, Locations } from './types'
-import { exec, ConfigError } from './utils'
+import { exec, ConfigError, pathRelativeToConfigFile } from './utils'
 
 
 
@@ -11,13 +11,13 @@ const ALREADY_EXISTS = /(?=.*already)(?=.*config).*/
 export const getPathFromBackend = (backend: Backend): string => {
 	switch (backend.type) {
 		case 'local':
-			return backend.path
+			return pathRelativeToConfigFile(backend.path)
 		case 'b2':
 		case 'azure':
 		case 'gs':
 		case 's3':
-			return `${backend.type}:${backend.path}`
 		case 'sftp':
+			return `${backend.type}:${backend.path}`
 		case 'rest':
 			throw new Error(`Unsupported backend type: "${backend.type}"`)
 		default:
@@ -43,16 +43,20 @@ export const getBackendsFromLocations = (locations: Locations): string[] => {
 
 export const checkAndConfigureBackend = (name: string, backend: Backend) => {
 	const writer = new Writer(name.blue + ' : ' + 'Configuring... ⏳')
-	const env = getEnvFromBackend(backend)
+	try {
+		const env = getEnvFromBackend(backend)
 
-	const { out, err } = exec('restic', ['init'], { env })
+		const { out, err } = exec('restic', ['init'], { env })
 
-	if (err.length > 0 && !ALREADY_EXISTS.test(err))
-		throw new Error(`Could not load the backend "${name}": ${err}`)
+		if (err.length > 0 && !ALREADY_EXISTS.test(err))
+			throw new Error(`Could not load the backend "${name}": ${err}`)
 
-	if (VERBOSE && out.length > 0) console.log(out)
+		if (VERBOSE && out.length > 0) console.log(out)
 
-	writer.done(name.blue + ' : ' + 'Done ✓'.green)
+		writer.done(name.blue + ' : ' + 'Done ✓'.green)
+	} catch (e) {
+		writer.done(name.blue + ' : ' + 'Error ⚠️ ' + e.message.red)
+	}
 }
 
 export const checkAndConfigureBackends = (backends?: Backends) => {

src/backup.ts

@@ -1,38 +1,106 @@
 import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
+import { mkdirSync } from 'fs'
 
 import { config, VERBOSE } from './autorestic'
 import { getEnvFromBackend } from './backend'
-import { Locations, Location } from './types'
-import { exec, ConfigError, pathRelativeToConfigFile, getFlagsFromLocation } from './utils'
+import { LocationFromPrefixes } from './config'
+import { Locations, Location, Backend } from './types'
+import {
+	exec,
+	ConfigError,
+	pathRelativeToConfigFile,
+	getFlagsFromLocation,
+	makeArrayIfIsNot,
+	execPlain,
+	MeasureDuration,
+	fill,
+	decodeLocationFromPrefix,
+	checkIfDockerVolumeExistsOrFail,
+	getPathFromVolume,
+} from './utils'
 
 
 
+export const backupFromFilesystem = (from: string, location: Location, backend: Backend, tags?: string[]) => {
+	const path = pathRelativeToConfigFile(from)
+
+	const { out, err, status } = exec(
+		'restic',
+		['backup', '.', ...getFlagsFromLocation(location, 'backup')],
+		{ env: getEnvFromBackend(backend), cwd: path },
+	)
+
+	if (VERBOSE) console.log(out, err)
+	if (status != 0 || err.length > 0)
+		throw new Error(err)
+}
+
+export const backupFromVolume = (volume: string, location: Location, backend: Backend) => {
+	const tmp = getPathFromVolume(volume)
+	try {
+		mkdirSync(tmp)
+		checkIfDockerVolumeExistsOrFail(volume)
+
+		// For incremental backups. Unfortunately due to how the docker mounts work the permissions get lost.
+		// execPlain(`docker run --rm -v ${volume}:/data -v ${tmp}:/backup alpine cp -aT /data /backup`)
+		execPlain(`docker run --rm -v ${volume}:/data -v ${tmp}:/backup alpine tar cf /backup/archive.tar -C /data .`)
+
+		backupFromFilesystem(tmp, location, backend)
+	} catch (e) {
+		throw e
+	} finally {
+		execPlain(`rm -rf ${tmp}`)
+	}
+}
+
 export const backupSingle = (name: string, to: string, location: Location) => {
 	if (!config) throw ConfigError
+	const delta = new MeasureDuration()
 	const writer = new Writer(name + to.blue + ' : ' + 'Backing up... ⏳')
 
-	const backend = config.backends[to]
-	const path = pathRelativeToConfigFile(location.from)
+	try {
+		const backend = config.backends[to]
+		const [type, value] = decodeLocationFromPrefix(location.from)
 
-	const cmd = exec(
-		'restic',
-		['backup', path, ...getFlagsFromLocation(location, 'backup')],
-		{ env: getEnvFromBackend(backend) },
-	)
+		switch (type) {
 
-	if (VERBOSE) console.log(cmd.out, cmd.err)
-	writer.done(name + to.blue + ' : ' + 'Done ✓'.green)
+			case LocationFromPrefixes.Filesystem:
+				backupFromFilesystem(value, location, backend)
+				break
+
+			case LocationFromPrefixes.DockerVolume:
+				backupFromVolume(value, location, backend)
+				break
+
+		}
+
+		writer.done(`${name}${to.blue} : ${'Done ✓'.green} (${delta.finished(true)})`)
+	} catch (e) {
+		writer.done(`${name}${to.blue} : ${'Failed!'.red} (${delta.finished(true)}) ${e.message}`)
+	}
 }
 
 export const backupLocation = (name: string, location: Location) => {
 	const display = name.yellow + ' ▶ '
-	const filler = new Array(name.length + 3).fill(' ').join('')
+	const filler = fill(name.length + 3)
 	let first = true
 
-	for (const t of Array.isArray(location.to) ? location.to : [location.to]) {
+	if (location.hooks && location.hooks.before)
+		for (const command of makeArrayIfIsNot(location.hooks.before)) {
+			const cmd = execPlain(command, {})
+			console.log(cmd.out, cmd.err)
+		}
+
+	for (const t of makeArrayIfIsNot(location.to)) {
 		backupSingle(first ? display : filler, t, location)
 		if (first) first = false
 	}
+
+	if (location.hooks && location.hooks.after)
+		for (const command of makeArrayIfIsNot(location.hooks.after)) {
+			const cmd = execPlain(command)
+			console.log(cmd.out, cmd.err)
+		}
 }
 
 export const backupAll = (locations?: Locations) => {

src/config.ts

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 import { readFileSync, writeFileSync, statSync } from 'fs'
 import { resolve } from 'path'
-import yaml from 'js-yaml'
-import { flags } from './autorestic'
-import { Backend, Config } from './types'
-import { makeObjectKeysLowercase, rand } from './utils'
 import { homedir } from 'os'
 
+import yaml from 'js-yaml'
+
+import { flags } from './autorestic'
+import { Backend, Config } from './types'
+import { makeArrayIfIsNot, makeObjectKeysLowercase, rand } from './utils'
+
+
+
+export enum LocationFromPrefixes {
+	Filesystem,
+	DockerVolume
+}
 
 
 export const normalizeAndCheckBackends = (config: Config) => {
@@ -48,8 +56,8 @@ export const normalizeAndCheckBackups = (config: Config) => {
 				`The backup "${name}" is missing some required attributes`,
 			)
 
-		if (Array.isArray(to)) for (const t of to) checkDestination(t, name)
-		else checkDestination(to, name)
+		for (const t of makeArrayIfIsNot(to))
+			checkDestination(t, name)
 	}
 }
 

src/forget.ts

@@ -2,8 +2,16 @@ import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
 
 import { config, VERBOSE } from './autorestic'
 import { getEnvFromBackend } from './backend'
+import { LocationFromPrefixes } from './config'
 import { Locations, Location, Flags } from './types'
-import { exec, ConfigError, pathRelativeToConfigFile, getFlagsFromLocation } from './utils'
+import {
+	exec,
+	ConfigError,
+	pathRelativeToConfigFile,
+	getFlagsFromLocation,
+	makeArrayIfIsNot,
+	fill, decodeLocationFromPrefix, getPathFromVolume,
+} from './utils'
 
 
 
@@ -13,11 +21,21 @@ export const forgetSingle = (name: string, to: string, location: Location, dryRu
 	const writer = new Writer(base + 'Removing old snapshots… ⏳')
 
 	const backend = config.backends[to]
-	const path = pathRelativeToConfigFile(location.from)
 	const flags = getFlagsFromLocation(location, 'forget')
 
+	const [type, value] = decodeLocationFromPrefix(location.from)
+	let path: string
+	switch (type) {
+		case LocationFromPrefixes.Filesystem:
+			path = pathRelativeToConfigFile(value)
+			break
+		case LocationFromPrefixes.DockerVolume:
+			path = getPathFromVolume(value)
+			break
+	}
+
 	if (flags.length == 0) {
-		writer.done(base + 'skipping, no policy declared')
+		writer.done(base + 'Skipping, no policy declared')
 		return
 	}
 	if (dryRun) flags.push('--dry-run')
@@ -35,10 +53,10 @@ export const forgetSingle = (name: string, to: string, location: Location, dryRu
 
 export const forgetLocation = (name: string, backup: Location, dryRun: boolean) => {
 	const display = name.yellow + ' ▶ '
-	const filler = new Array(name.length + 3).fill(' ').join('')
+	const filler = fill(name.length + 3)
 	let first = true
 
-	for (const t of Array.isArray(backup.to) ? backup.to : [backup.to]) {
+	for (const t of makeArrayIfIsNot(backup.to)) {
 		const nameOrBlankSpaces: string = first ? display : filler
 		forgetSingle(nameOrBlankSpaces, t, backup, dryRun)
 		if (first) first = false

src/handlers.ts

@@ -1,22 +1,24 @@
-import axios from 'axios'
-import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
-import { unlinkSync } from 'fs'
+import { chmodSync, renameSync, unlinkSync } from 'fs'
 import { tmpdir } from 'os'
 import { join, resolve } from 'path'
 
+import axios from 'axios'
+import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
+
 import { config, INSTALL_DIR, VERSION } from './autorestic'
 import { checkAndConfigureBackends, getBackendsFromLocations, getEnvFromBackend } from './backend'
 import { backupAll } from './backup'
 import { forgetAll } from './forget'
-import { Backend, Backends, Flags, Locations } from './types'
+import showAll from './info'
+import { restoreSingle } from './restore'
+import { Backends, Flags, Locations } from './types'
 import {
 	checkIfCommandIsAvailable,
 	checkIfResticIsAvailable,
 	downloadFile,
 	exec,
 	filterObjectByKey,
-	singleToArray,
-	ConfigError,
+	ConfigError, makeArrayIfIsNot,
 } from './utils'
 
 
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ const parseBackend = (flags: Flags): Backends => {
 		)
 	if (flags.all) return config.backends
 	else {
-		const backends = singleToArray<string>(flags.backend)
+		const backends = makeArrayIfIsNot<string>(flags.backend)
 		for (const backend of backends)
 			if (!config.backends[backend])
 				throw new Error('Invalid backend: '.red + backend)
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ const parseLocations = (flags: Flags): Locations => {
 	if (flags.all) {
 		return config.locations
 	} else {
-		const locations = singleToArray<string>(flags.location)
+		const locations = makeArrayIfIsNot<string>(flags.location)
 		for (const location of locations)
 			if (!config.locations[location])
 				throw new Error('Invalid location: '.red + location)
@@ -85,36 +87,12 @@ const handlers: Handlers = {
 		if (!config) throw ConfigError
 		checkIfResticIsAvailable()
 
-		if (!flags.to) {
-			console.log(`You need to specify the restore path with --to`.red)
-			return
-		}
-
 		const locations = parseLocations(flags)
-		for (const [name, location] of Object.entries(locations)) {
-			const baseText = name.green + '\t\t'
-			const w = new Writer(baseText + `Starting...`)
+		const keys = Object.keys(locations)
+		if (keys.length < 1) throw new Error(`You need to specify the location to restore with --location`.red)
+		if (keys.length > 2) throw new Error(`Only one location is supported at a time when restoring`.red)
 
-			let backend: string = Array.isArray(location.to) ? location.to[0] : location.to
-			if (flags.from) {
-				if (!location.to.includes(flags.from)) {
-					w.done(baseText + `Backend ${flags.from} is not a valid location for ${name}`.red)
-					continue
-				}
-				backend = flags.from
-				w.replaceLn(baseText + `Restoring from ${backend.blue}...`)
-			} else if (Array.isArray(location.to) && location.to.length > 1) {
-				w.replaceLn(baseText + `Restoring from ${backend.blue}...\tTo select a specific backend pass the ${'--from'.blue} flag`)
-			}
-			const env = getEnvFromBackend(config.backends[backend])
-
-			exec(
-				'restic',
-				['restore', 'latest', '--path', resolve(location.from), '--target', flags.to],
-				{ env },
-			)
-			w.done(name.green + '\t\tDone 🎉')
-		}
+		restoreSingle(keys[0], flags.from, flags.to)
 	},
 	forget(args, flags) {
 		if (!config) throw ConfigError
@@ -139,12 +117,15 @@ const handlers: Handlers = {
 			console.log(out, err)
 		}
 	},
+	info() {
+		showAll()
+	},
 	async install() {
 		try {
 			checkIfResticIsAvailable()
 			console.log('Restic is already installed')
 			return
-		} catch (e) {
+		} catch {
 		}
 
 		const w = new Writer('Checking latest version... ⏳')
@@ -161,9 +142,7 @@ const handlers: Handlers = {
 		}
 
 		w.replaceLn('Downloading binary... 🌎')
-		const name = `${json.name.replace(' ', '_')}_${process.platform}_${
-			archMap[process.arch]
-		}.bz2`
+		const name = `${json.name.replace(' ', '_')}_${process.platform}_${archMap[process.arch]}.bz2`
 		const dl = json.assets.find((asset: any) => asset.name === name)
 		if (!dl)
 			return console.log(
@@ -181,8 +160,8 @@ const handlers: Handlers = {
 		unlinkSync(tmp)
 
 		w.replaceLn(`Moving to ${INSTALL_DIR} 🚙`)
-		exec('chmod', ['+x', extracted])
-		exec('mv', [extracted, INSTALL_DIR + '/restic'])
+		chmodSync(extracted, 0o755)
+		renameSync(extracted, INSTALL_DIR + '/restic')
 
 		w.done(
 			`\nFinished! restic is installed under: ${INSTALL_DIR}`.underline + ' 🎉',
@@ -222,7 +201,7 @@ const handlers: Handlers = {
 			w.replaceLn('Downloading binary... 🌎')
 			await downloadFile(dl.browser_download_url, to)
 
-			exec('chmod', ['+x', to])
+			chmodSync(to, 0o755)
 		}
 
 		w.done('All up to date! 🚀')
@@ -241,6 +220,7 @@ export const help = () => {
 		`\n  -c, --config                                                          Specify config file. Default: .autorestic.yml` +
 		'\n' +
 		'\nCommands:'.yellow +
+		'\n  info                                                                  Show all locations and backends' +
 		'\n  check    [-b, --backend]  [-a, --all]                                 Check backends' +
 		'\n  backup   [-l, --location] [-a, --all]                                 Backup all or specified locations' +
 		'\n  forget   [-l, --location] [-a, --all] [--dry-run]                     Forget old snapshots according to declared policies' +

src/info.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { config } from './autorestic'
+import { ConfigError, fill, treeToString } from './utils'
+
+
+
+const showAll = () => {
+	if (!config) throw ConfigError
+
+	console.log('\n\n' + fill(32, '_') + 'LOCATIONS:'.underline)
+	for (const [key, data] of Object.entries(config.locations)) {
+		console.log(`\n${key.blue.underline}:`)
+		console.log(treeToString(
+			data,
+			['to:', 'from:', 'hooks:', 'options:'],
+		))
+	}
+
+	console.log('\n\n' + fill(32, '_') + 'BACKENDS:'.underline)
+	for (const [key, data] of Object.entries(config.backends)) {
+		console.log(`\n${key.blue.underline}:`)
+		console.log(treeToString(
+			data,
+			['type:', 'path:', 'key:'],
+		))
+	}
+}
+
+export default showAll

src/restore.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { Writer } from 'clitastic'
+import { resolve } from 'path'
+
+import { config } from './autorestic'
+import { getEnvFromBackend } from './backend'
+import { LocationFromPrefixes } from './config'
+import { Backend } from './types'
+import {
+	checkIfDockerVolumeExistsOrFail,
+	ConfigError,
+	decodeLocationFromPrefix,
+	exec,
+	execPlain,
+	getPathFromVolume,
+} from './utils'
+
+
+
+export const restoreToFilesystem = (from: string, to: string, backend: Backend) => {
+	exec(
+		'restic',
+		['restore', 'latest', '--path', resolve(from), '--target', to],
+		{ env: getEnvFromBackend(backend) },
+	)
+}
+
+export const restoreToVolume = (volume: string, backend: Backend) => {
+	const tmp = getPathFromVolume(volume)
+	try {
+		restoreToFilesystem(tmp, tmp, backend)
+		try {
+			checkIfDockerVolumeExistsOrFail(volume)
+		} catch {
+			execPlain(`docker volume create ${volume}`)
+		}
+
+		// For incremental backups. Unfortunately due to how the docker mounts work the permissions get lost.
+		// execPlain(`docker run --rm -v ${volume}:/data -v ${tmp}:/backup alpine cp -aT /backup /data`)
+		execPlain(`docker run --rm -v ${volume}:/data -v ${tmp}:/backup alpine tar xf /backup/archive.tar -C /data`)
+	} finally {
+		execPlain(`rm -rf ${tmp}`)
+	}
+}
+
+export const restoreSingle = (locationName: string, from: string, to?: string) => {
+	if (!config) throw ConfigError
+
+	const location = config.locations[locationName]
+
+	const baseText = locationName.green + '\t\t'
+	const w = new Writer(baseText + `Restoring...`)
+
+	let backendName: string = Array.isArray(location.to) ? location.to[0] : location.to
+	if (from) {
+		if (!location.to.includes(from)) {
+			w.done(baseText + `Backend ${from} is not a valid location for ${locationName}`.red)
+			return
+		}
+		backendName = from
+		w.replaceLn(baseText + `Restoring from ${backendName.blue}...`)
+	} else if (Array.isArray(location.to) && location.to.length > 1) {
+		w.replaceLn(baseText + `Restoring from ${backendName.blue}...\tTo select a specific backend pass the ${'--from'.blue} flag`)
+	}
+	const backend = config.backends[backendName]
+
+	const [type, value] = decodeLocationFromPrefix(location.from)
+	switch (type) {
+
+		case LocationFromPrefixes.Filesystem:
+			if (!to) throw new Error(`You need to specify the restore path with --to`.red)
+			restoreToFilesystem(value, to, backend)
+			break
+
+		case LocationFromPrefixes.DockerVolume:
+			restoreToVolume(value, backend)
+			break
+
+	}
+	w.done(locationName.green + '\t\tDone 🎉')
+}
+

src/types.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+export type StringOrArray = string | string[]
+
+// BACKENDS
+
 type BackendLocal = {
 	type: 'local'
 	key: string
@@ -62,30 +66,26 @@ export type Backend =
 
 export type Backends = { [name: string]: Backend }
 
-export type ForgetPolicy = {
-	last?: number,
-	hourly?: number,
-	daily?: number,
-	weekly?: number,
-	monthly?: number,
-	yearly?: number,
-	within?: string,
-	tags?: string[],
-}
+// LOCATIONS
 
 export type Location = {
 	from: string
-	to: string | string[]
-	keep?: ForgetPolicy
+	to: StringOrArray
+	hooks?: {
+		before?: StringOrArray
+		after?: StringOrArray
+	}
 	options?: {
 		[key: string]: {
-			[key: string]: string | string[]
+			[key: string]: StringOrArray
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 export type Locations = { [name: string]: Location }
 
+// OTHER
+
 export type Config = {
 	locations: Locations
 	backends: Backends

src/utils.ts

@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
 import axios from 'axios'
 import { spawnSync, SpawnSyncOptions } from 'child_process'
-import { randomBytes } from 'crypto'
-import { createWriteStream } from 'fs'
-import { isAbsolute, resolve, dirname } from 'path'
-import { CONFIG_FILE } from './config'
+import { createHash, randomBytes } from 'crypto'
+import { createWriteStream, renameSync, unlinkSync } from 'fs'
+import { homedir, tmpdir } from 'os'
+import { dirname, isAbsolute, join, resolve } from 'path'
+import { Duration, Humanizer } from 'uhrwerk'
+
+import { CONFIG_FILE, LocationFromPrefixes } from './config'
 import { Location } from './types'
 
 
 
-export const exec = (
-	command: string,
-	args: string[],
-	{ env, ...rest }: SpawnSyncOptions = {},
-) => {
-	const cmd = spawnSync(command, args, {
+export const exec = (command: string, args: string[], { env, ...rest }: SpawnSyncOptions = {}) => {
+	const { stdout, stderr, status } = spawnSync(command, args, {
 		...rest,
 		env: {
 			...process.env,
@@ -21,22 +20,30 @@ export const exec = (
 		},
 	})
 
-	const out = cmd.stdout && cmd.stdout.toString().trim()
-	const err = cmd.stderr && cmd.stderr.toString().trim()
+	const out = stdout && stdout.toString().trim()
+	const err = stderr && stderr.toString().trim()
 
-	return { out, err }
+	return { out, err, status }
+}
+
+export const execPlain = (command: string, opt: SpawnSyncOptions = {}) => {
+	const split = command.split(' ')
+	if (split.length < 1) throw new Error(`The command ${command} is not valid`.red)
+
+	return exec(split[0], split.slice(1), opt)
 }
 
 export const checkIfResticIsAvailable = () =>
 	checkIfCommandIsAvailable(
 		'restic',
-		'Restic is not installed'.red +
-		' https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/020_installation.html#stable-releases',
+		'restic is not installed'.red +
+		'\nEither run ' + 'autorestic install'.green +
+		'\nOr go to https://restic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/020_installation.html#stable-releases',
 	)
 
 export const checkIfCommandIsAvailable = (cmd: string, errorMsg?: string) => {
-	if (require('child_process').spawnSync(cmd).error)
-		throw new Error(errorMsg ? errorMsg : `"${errorMsg}" is not installed`.red)
+	if (spawnSync(cmd).error)
+		throw new Error(errorMsg ? errorMsg : `"${cmd}" is not installed`.red)
 }
 
 export const makeObjectKeysLowercase = (object: Object): any =>
@@ -50,9 +57,6 @@ export function rand(length = 32): string {
 }
 
 
-export const singleToArray = <T>(singleOrArray: T | T[]): T[] =>
-	Array.isArray(singleOrArray) ? singleOrArray : [singleOrArray]
-
 export const filterObject = <T>(
 	obj: { [key: string]: T },
 	filter: (item: [string, T]) => boolean,
@@ -72,11 +76,19 @@ export const downloadFile = async (url: string, to: string) =>
 			responseType: 'stream',
 		})
 
-		const stream = createWriteStream(to)
+		const tmp = join(tmpdir(), rand(64))
+		const stream = createWriteStream(tmp)
 
 		const writer = file.pipe(stream)
 		writer.on('close', () => {
 			stream.close()
+			try {
+				// Delete file if already exists. Needed if the binary wants to replace itself.
+				// Unix does not allow to overwrite a file that is being executed, but you can remove it and save other one at its place
+				unlinkSync(to)
+			} catch {
+			}
+			renameSync(tmp, to)
 			res()
 		})
 	})
@@ -86,6 +98,11 @@ export const pathRelativeToConfigFile = (path: string): string => isAbsolute(pat
 	? path
 	: resolve(dirname(CONFIG_FILE), path)
 
+export const resolveTildePath = (path: string): string | null =>
+	(path.length === 0 || path[0] !== '~')
+		? null
+		: join(homedir(), path.slice(1))
+
 export const ConfigError = new Error('Config file not found')
 
 export const getFlagsFromLocation = (location: Location, command?: string): string[] => {
@@ -98,12 +115,86 @@ export const getFlagsFromLocation = (location: Location, command?: string): stri
 
 	let flags: string[] = []
 	// Map the flags to an array for the exec function.
-	for (let [flag, values] of Object.entries(all)) {
-		if (!Array.isArray(values))
-			values = [values]
+	for (let [flag, values] of Object.entries(all))
+		for (const value of makeArrayIfIsNot(values)) {
+			const stringValue = String(value)
+			const resolvedTilde = resolveTildePath(stringValue)
+			flags = [...flags, `--${String(flag)}`, resolvedTilde === null ? stringValue : resolvedTilde]
+		}
 
-		for (const value of values)
-			flags = [...flags, `--${String(flag)}`, String(value)]
-	}
 	return flags
 }
+
+export const makeArrayIfIsNot = <T>(maybeArray: T | T[]): T[] => Array.isArray(maybeArray) ? maybeArray : [maybeArray]
+
+export const fill = (length: number, filler = ' '): string => new Array(length).fill(filler).join('')
+
+export const capitalize = (string: string): string => string.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + string.slice(1)
+
+export const treeToString = (obj: Object, highlight = [] as string[]): string => {
+	let cleaned = JSON.stringify(obj, null, 2)
+		.replace(/[{}"\[\],]/g, '')
+		.replace(/^ {2}/mg, '')
+		.replace(/\n\s*\n/g, '\n')
+		.trim()
+
+	for (const word of highlight)
+		cleaned = cleaned.replace(word, capitalize(word).green)
+
+	return cleaned
+}
+
+
+export class MeasureDuration {
+	private static Humanizer: Humanizer = [
+		[d => d.hours() > 0, d => `${d.hours()}h ${d.minutes()}min`],
+		[d => d.minutes() > 0, d => `${d.minutes()}min ${d.seconds()}s`],
+		[d => d.seconds() > 0, d => `${d.seconds()}s`],
+		[() => true, d => `${d.milliseconds()}ms`],
+	]
+
+	private start = Date.now()
+
+
+	finished(human?: false): number
+	finished(human?: true): string
+	finished(human?: boolean): number | string {
+		const delta = Date.now() - this.start
+
+		return human
+			? new Duration(delta, 'ms').humanize(MeasureDuration.Humanizer)
+			: delta
+	}
+
+}
+
+
+export const decodeLocationFromPrefix = (from: string): [LocationFromPrefixes, string] => {
+	const firstDelimiter = from.indexOf(':')
+	if (firstDelimiter === -1) return [LocationFromPrefixes.Filesystem, from]
+
+	const type = from.substr(0, firstDelimiter)
+	const value = from.substr(firstDelimiter + 1)
+
+	switch (type.toLowerCase()) {
+		case 'volume':
+			return [LocationFromPrefixes.DockerVolume, value]
+		case 'path':
+			return [LocationFromPrefixes.Filesystem, value]
+		default:
+			throw new Error(`Could not decode the location from: ${from}`.red)
+	}
+}
+
+export const hash = (plain: string): string => createHash('sha1').update(plain).digest().toString('hex')
+
+export const getPathFromVolume = (volume: string) => pathRelativeToConfigFile(hash(volume))
+
+export const checkIfDockerVolumeExistsOrFail = (volume: string) => {
+	const cmd = exec('docker', [
+		'volume', 'inspect', volume,
+	])
+	if (cmd.err.length > 0)
+		throw new Error('Volume not found')
+}
+